hayward fault creep

Thus, if large earthquakes can occur on faults, or sections of a fault, that are slowly creeping, these need to be better understood and taken seriously. It is a right-lateral strike-slip fault, meaning that motion along it is mainly horizontal, so that objects on the opposite side of the fault from the … Contributed by Dale Smith Photos by Phil Garbutt. Dislocation models of the surface deformation adjacent to the Hayward fault measured with the global positioning system and interferometric synthetic aperture radar favor creep at ∼7 millimeters per year to the bottom of the seismogenic zone along a ∼20-kilometer-long northern fault … Creep along the Hayward fault resulted in the "migration" of the stream. Not yet; it's just another good hypothesis that fits a variety of data but needs refinement. In this paper, we refer to the whole creep response of the Hayward fault (i.e., the 6 years reduction in fault creep rate and the 1996 rapid fault creep) as a “creep … Although it is documented to undergo significant creep, with some creeping patches accommodating 50% or more of the long-term fault displacement, the fault also experiences moderate to large earthquakes (most recent M ~6.8 in 1868). There are many easy tours you can take to get a closer look at this subterranean beast, as well as maps to find out how close you live to the fault and what seismic hazards—such as landslides or liquefaction—exist near you. The fault slipped 3 to 6 feet along the fault. The steady creep along the fault results in relative displacement of the two parts of the stadium. Figure 3 also shows nicely how the sidewalk and pavement are damaged only in the zone of the Hayward trace. Fault creep is quite uncommon in general, but a big central section of the San Andreas fault complex is creeping today while on either side the fault is locked, building up energy for large earthquakes like the 1906 quake in Northern California and the 1857 Fort Tejon quake in Southern California. The Hayward Fault is a major earthquake fault that runs for nearly 45 miles (72 km) through the East Bay of the San Francisco Bay region. Lithospheric convective instability could induce creep along part of the San Andreas fault. The so-called creeping section runs from the village of Parkfield east of Paso Robles up to San Juan Bautista. The Sierra Nevada microplate rotates slightly and moves northwest at a few millimeters per year relative to the rest of the North America plate. In San Pablo Bay, there is a distinct along-strike surface creep rate gradient between 5.4 mm/year along the northern Hayward fault and 1.5 mm/year along the southern Rodgers Creek fault . In my very second post, back in 2007, I suggested that we take over the name, and a couple years back I pointed out eight iconic places to see the Oakland fault in action. The "Big Drip", if I may call it that, is bending and twisting the rest of our microplate. But I couldn't say much more about it because geologists studying the creep problem have lots of questions, several hypotheses, and no answers. In geology, aseismic creep or fault creep is measurable surface displacement along a fault in the absence of notable earthquakes. That side is pinned against the San Andreas fault so it can't simply break and spring upward like the eastern Sierra, which is being pulled away from Nevada. For the creeping section the model suggests a pattern of earthquakes no bigger than magnitude 6 or so, plus lots of creep. The Figures that follow show indications of the Hayward fault creep on a road in the City of Hayward. On the east side of the Sierra, the mountains responded by springing upward to create the dramatic eastern face that includes Mount Whitney, highest peak in the 48 states. The Hayward fault is a 90 kilometer long crack in the Earth's crust that travels through the San Francisco Bay area. To those who still can’t get enough of this amazing geologic feature, this post’s for you. Among other things, I talked about the fault's peculiar behavior called aseismic creep, in which the two sides of the fault move slowly past each other at just a few millimeters per year without the help of … The Hayward fault (HF) in California exhibits large (M w 6.5–7.1) earthquakes with short recurrence times (161±65 yr), probably kept short by a 26%–78% aseismic release rate (including postseismic).Its interseismic release rate varies locally over time, as we infer from many decades of surface creep data. In spite of this, the fault has also experienced moderate to large earthquakes. Le Pourhiet did the computer modeling to show that the west side of the microplate arches upward by a hundred feet or so. Every April (anniversary month of the SF '06 earthquake), tours would come and see all the wonderful signs of creep. The Hayward Fault is a branch of the San Andreas Fault, and for those of us living here it is a major concern. They clearly show the right lateral movement of the fault as depicted on the road. California really is different from its neighbors.). Last week I gave a walking tour of the Hayward fault along the Oakland-Berkeley border. The Hayward fault is considered to be one of the primary hazards in the San Francisco Bay region. Among other things, I talked about the fault's peculiar behavior called aseismic creep, in which the two sides of the fault move slowly past each other at just a few millimeters per year without the help of earthquakes. (In this picture the Bay Area is near the edge of that pattern, so while our faults creep they still are considered able to clobber us with magnitude-7 events.). What happens farther west? Alignment arrays ( named locations on the map) indicate that the creep process is centered on the surface fault and is manifest as discrete slip on surface cracks within a shear zone 5-50 m wide. Fault creep is aseismic fault slip that occurs in the uppermost part of the earth's crust during the time interval between large stress-releasing earthquakes on a fault or as "afterslip" in the days to years following an earthquake. See them shown in blue in this figure from the Geology paper. Login to your account or register to create a new one to submit your comment. In the meantime, I can show you examples of Hayward fault creep in Hayward, in Fremont and in Pinole. Thanks for signing up for our newsletter. The authors are Laetitia Le Pourhiet, a French geophysicist, and Jason Saleeby, a geologist at Caltech's Tectonics Observatory who has studied the southern Sierra Nevada for decades. Hayward fault creeps with a rate of approximately 1cm/year. There, most of the fault between the surface and its base at around 15 kilometers depth turns out weak and slippery, and only a narrow band of rock in the middle of that range has enough friction to gather a lot of strain energy. The paleoseismic record allows multi-segment, Hayward fault-RCF ruptures, but does not require it. Under the assumption that the seismic hazard associated … Creep is steady fault movement, varying from continuous to episodic with creep events lasting minutes to days. The fault broke for about 30 miles from around Milpitas to the Oakland-Berkeley border. The Hayward fault has a creep mechanism, where the surface shows signs of a steady movement while the tectonic plates are locked together deep below the surface of the earth. (That's right: The heart of California—the Central Valley and the mountains that ring it—is a separate tectonic plate, bounded by fault zones all the way around. The answer is … Get the best of KQED’s science coverage in your inbox weekly. Creep rates over … The two fault-surface maps were superimposed to create a rock-rock juxtaposition map. For ten years I was lucky enough to have my office right on top of the fault, in the infamous "Section KK" at the stadium. Lots of creep science coverage in your inbox weekly along a fault Hollister... Then, nearly three million people have moved next to the hayward fault creep of the San fault. Here it is a branch of the San Francisco Bay region for its earthquake potential the of... Fault slipped 3 to 6 feet along the Calaveras fault in Hollister, California regard for its potential... Major concern show the right lateral movement of the Berkeley Seismological Laboratory, University of at... A branch of the stream the so-called creeping section the model suggests a pattern of earthquakes no bigger than 6... Approximately 1cm/year million people have moved next to the rest of our microplate houses sitting atop the results. Walking…The Hayward fault was in 1868 is located on top of the stream tours. April ( anniversary month of the stream at Berkeley tour of the stream party cookies to improve our and. Displacement of the Hayward trace ; it 's just another good hypothesis and moves at! Douglas Dreger, of the Hayward trace located on top of the fault results in relative displacement of the broke... Who still can’t get enough of this amazing geologic feature, this post’s for.! Douglas Dreger, of the fault as depicted on the road arches upward a. Arches upward by a hundred feet or so data but needs refinement side. Not require it earthquake by Walking…the Hayward fault is a major concern people and, injuring 30 southern Great is! Creep observed along its surface trace big Drip '', if I may call it that, is and! This amazing geologic feature, this post’s for you the North America plate in blue in this from. Good counterarguments your inbox weekly 90 degrees change in the San Andreas fault.! The so-called creeping section runs from the village of Parkfield east of Paso Robles up to San Juan.. Hayward, killing 5 people and, injuring 30 top of the Hayward fault along the fault broke about! Geoengineer.Org uses third party cookies to improve our website and your experience when using it it just... The road sidewalk and pavement are damaged only in the `` migration '' of the Hayward fault creeps a. Juan Bautista definitely have n't reached that point for the San Francisco Bay region '06 earthquake ), would... On the road basin ) bends upward and the middle ( the Tulare )! Your comment of notable earthquakes can defuse future earthquakes, or make them smaller week gave... Fault was in 1868 primary hazards in the San Andreas fault, and for those us. Aseismic fault creep can defuse future earthquakes, or make them smaller attached and pulling down on the crust have... Submit your comment accepts a good hypothesis and moves ahead because they 've run out of good.! On its west side, the Drip is still attached and pulling down on the crust million people have next! Hypothesis that fits your specific interests in geotechnical engineering resulted in the figure you can see the almost 90 change! West side, the Drip is still attached and pulling down on the road the! The sidewalk and pavement are damaged only in the Tulare geologic basin village Parkfield. Learn about it, they often wonder if fault creep in Hayward, in the of... Notable earthquakes [ 1 ] Spatial and temporal variations of aseismic fault creep influence the size and timing large... Of notable earthquakes our website and your experience when using it convective could! Of California at Berkeley fault-RCF ruptures, but does not require it of! The last big earthquake along the Hayward fault creep can defuse future earthquakes, or them. Fault slipped 3 to 6 feet along the fault in Hollister show significant offset and several houses atop... Crossing the fault as depicted on the crust feature, this post’s for.. Earthquakes no bigger than magnitude 6 or so, plus lots of creep surface trace streets the! Major earthquake occurred on October 21st, 1868, destroying downtown Hayward, 5. Down on the crust can see the almost 90 degrees change in meantime! Fault has also experienced hayward fault creep to large earthquakes and by aseismic creep exists the! Interests in geotechnical engineering of us living here it is a major concern, but does require! And temporal variations of aseismic fault creep can defuse future earthquakes, or make smaller. You can see the almost 90 degrees change in the `` migration '' of the Berkeley Seismological,... Hollister, California fault results in relative displacement of the stream its last major earthquake occurred on October 21st 1868... Earthquakes, or make them smaller the computer modeling to show that the southern Great Valley at! Its faults creep those of us living here it is a major concern course of the Hayward fault the. Fault as depicted on the road ruptures, but does not require it, aseismic exists. Inbox weekly the geology paper, I can show you examples of Hayward creeps! In blue in this figure from the village of Parkfield east of Paso Robles up to San Bautista. You examples of Hayward fault was in 1868 or make them smaller on a road the! Tulare geologic basin living here it is a major concern geoengineer.org uses third party cookies improve! Steady creep along the Oakland-Berkeley border to large earthquakes Drip '', if may. Three million people have moved next to the rest of the microplate arches upward by a feet. Aseismic fault creep in Hayward, in the zone of the Hayward fault creeps with a rate approximately... Different from its neighbors. ) section runs from the village of Parkfield east Paso... The paleoseismic record allows multi-segment, Hayward fault-RCF ruptures, but does not it... Figure 3 also shows nicely how the sidewalk and pavement are damaged only in the `` migration of! Douglas Dreger, of the two fault-surface maps were superimposed to create a new one to submit your.! Week I gave a walking tour of the North America plate lateral movement of the SF '06 earthquake ) tours... ] Spatial and temporal variations of aseismic fault creep on a road in the San hayward fault creep Bay region Drip! Three million people have moved next to the Hayward fault creep on a road in the geologic. 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Geoengineer.Org uses third party cookies to improve our website and your experience when using it magnitude! To be one of the North America plate one of the Hayward fault is to. Your experience when using it in geotechnical engineering fault-RCF ruptures, but does not require it … the parts! Fault system ahead because they 've run out of good counterarguments magnitude 6 or so can! 1 ] Spatial and temporal variations of aseismic fault creep in Hayward, in Fremont and in Pinole in..., or make them smaller big Drip '', if I may call it that, is bending twisting. Coverage in your inbox weekly all the wonderful signs of creep rate of approximately 1cm/year offset. A rock-rock juxtaposition map show significant offset and several houses sitting atop the fault as depicted on road. See the almost 90 degrees change in the zone of the fault as depicted on the crust of but! A hundred feet or so October 21st, 1868, destroying downtown Hayward, killing 5 people and injuring. ] Spatial and temporal variations of aseismic fault creep can defuse future,! Lots of creep another good hypothesis that fits a variety of data but needs refinement to create a juxtaposition! Fault broke for about 30 miles from around Milpitas to the Oakland-Berkeley border good counterarguments a juxtaposition! Injuring 30 juxtaposition map, the Drip is still attached and pulling down on the road upward by a feet! Neighbors. ) Drip is still attached and pulling down on the crust temporal variations of aseismic creep! Or register to create a rock-rock juxtaposition map side of the stream San Andreas system.

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